====== Private Controls ======

Private controls are non-governmental restrictions that limit the use of real property.

===== 1. Deed Restrictions =====
Limitations placed in a deed by a grantor.

  * Restrict use, occupancy, or improvements
  * Bind future owners
  * Enforceable by injured parties or courts
  * Run with the land

===== 2. Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions (CC&Rs) =====
Rules recorded by developers or homeowners associations.

  * Govern use and appearance of property
  * Enforced by HOA or other owners
  * Common in planned unit developments and condominiums
  * May include fines or legal action for violations

===== 3. Easements =====
Non-possessory rights to use another’s land.

  * Appurtenant easements benefit a dominant tenement
  * Easements in gross benefit an individual or company
  * Can be created by grant, necessity, prescription, or implication

===== 4. Encroachments =====
Unauthorized physical intrusion onto another’s property.

  * Fences, buildings, or overhanging structures
  * May be disclosed by a survey
  * Can result in legal disputes or required removal

===== 5. Leases =====
Private agreements granting possession for a limited time.

  * Restrict tenant use of property
  * Terms enforceable between landlord and tenant
  * Do not transfer ownership interest