====== Monuments ======

**Monuments** are **permanent physical markers** used in **land descriptions** to identify property boundaries.

===== Key Characteristics =====
  * Used in **[[metes and bounds]]** descriptions
  * Take **priority over measurements**
  * Can be **natural or artificial**
  * Considered the **most reliable** boundary evidence

===== Types of Monuments =====
  * **Natural Monuments**
    * Rivers
    * Trees
    * Rock formations

  * **Artificial Monuments**
    * Iron stakes
    * Concrete markers
    * Survey pins
    * Fences

===== Priority of Calls (Boundary Law) =====
Order used when descriptions conflict:
  1. Monuments
  2. Courses (directions)
  3. Distances
  4. Area

===== Exam Tip =====
  * **Monuments control** over distance errors
  * Natural monuments usually outweigh artificial ones